![]() ![]() High-frequency words, commonly occurring words like “the,” “is,” and “was,” end up being priority sight words for beginning readers to learn because they occur so often in print.) How does orthographic mapping happen? ![]() (Many confuse the terms “sight words” and “high-frequency words.” A sight word is any word a reader’s brain recognizes automatically. This is what lets proficient readers read efficiently for learning and enjoyment. When orthographic mapping happens successfully, words in print become instantly recognizable sight words-no conscious effort needed. It can also help you pinpoint interventions that a struggling reader might need. Understanding this key process in learning to read can help you support all students’ reading progress. Sarah’s Teaching Snippets/Orthographic Mapping Definition via Why is orthographic mapping important? It’s linking a word’s meaning, its sounds, and its letters enough times for orthographic mapping to occur that leads to reading. Young kids may first learn to recognize their names, or words like “mom,” “dad,” or “love,” by how they look, but this isn’t a sustainable pathway to fluent reading. Orthographic mapping is not memorizing the shape of words, or even the letters of a word in order. Once these connections happen enough times, the word is stored in the student’s long-term memory and they can read and understand “red” automatically. For instance, a student sees the letters “r-e-d,” links them with the sounds /r/ /e/ /d/, and calls up their knowledge of the color red. Orthographic mapping is what happens when different processing systems in the brain work in concert to connect a word’s spoken sounds, written letters, and meaning. Other notable reading researchers, like David Kilpatrick, echo its importance. ![]() The idea of orthographic mapping was first proposed by Linnea Ehri in the 1970s. So, what is it? Short answer: Orthographic mapping is the mental process that happens when the brain learns to read words automatically. Whether the story makes sense or not, it'll be fun and students will get to practice using their sight words.You’ve heard “orthographic mapping” during discussions on literacy teaching and the science of reading. Go around the room in order so that the sentences form a story.
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